A 2025 case-control study from Vietnam found a U-shaped relationship between vitamin B12 intake and cancer risk, suggesting both deficiency and excess may increase risk.
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Science Breakthroughs Science Breakthroughs Knowledge
Vitamin B12: The essential nutrient with a complicated cancer link
Red Blood Cell Production, Nervous System, DNA Repair B12 function
U-Shaped Relationship Between B12 And Cancer Risk Study finding
Balance Matters—Deficiency And Excess Both Risky Key conclusion